锰基阻尼合金研发及产业化国内外现状

锰基阻尼合金研发及产业化国内外现状Research and Industrialization Status of Mn-Based Damping Alloys

阻尼合金是一类阻尼（内耗）大，能使振动迅速衰减的金属功能材料，按其阻尼机理可分为复相型、铁磁型、位错型、孪晶型四类。利用其制造相关振动源构件，可以有效地解决机械制造及相关工程领域中的振动和噪声问题。目前国内外对于锰基阻尼合金的研究主要集中于对Mn-Cu、Mn-Fe 合金的掺杂改性和对新兴的Mn-Ni 合金阻尼机理研究方面，而形成产业的主要为Mn-Cu 合金，其代表产品为Sonoston、Incramute 和M2052 等。相比于传统Mn-Cu 合金，Mn-Fe 合金具有更好的经济性和力学性能，有望在未来替代Mn-Cu 合金取得实际应用。本文简要介绍阻尼合金的种类和特点，对上述合金的主要研究进展和产业化现状进行总结，为需要减振降噪场合的选材提供参考。

Damping alloy is a kind of metallic functional materials with high damping capacity which can dissipate mechanical vibration rapidly. There are mainly four kinds of damping alloys, namely the multiple phase alloys, the ferromagnetic alloys, the dislocation alloys and the twin crystal alloys. Through using them to fabricate the component parts of vibration source, many vibration and noise problems in machine manufacturing and some other fields can be solved effectively. Currently, the corresponding research mainly focuses on the doping modification of the Mn-Cu and Mn-Fe alloys, as well as the damping mechanism of the emerging Mn-Ni alloys. So far, the Mn-Cu base alloys are the only damping alloys whose industrialization has been realized. Typically commercial damping alloys are Sonoston, Incramute and M2052. Meanwhile, with lower cost and better mechanical properties, the Mn-Fe damping alloy are promising substitutes for the traditional Mn-Cu damping alloys in the future. In this paper, the classification and features of the different damping alloys are briefly introduced, and the research progress and industrialization status of the above-mentioned alloys are also summarized. The results may provide a new idea and a reference for material choice for damping and noise reduction.

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